Automatyzacja wizualizacji danych

Zaawansowana wizualizacja danych

library("ggplot2")

Modyfikacja skali

p1 = ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = carat, y = price, color = cut)) +
  geom_point(alpha = 0.6)
p1

p1 +
  scale_x_continuous(
    name = "Waga [karat]",
    transform = "log",
    labels = scales::label_number(accuracy = 0.1, suffix = " ct")) +
  scale_y_continuous(
    name = "Cena [USD]",
    transform = "log10",
    breaks = c(300, 1000, 3000, 10000),
    labels = scales::label_dollar()) +
  scale_color_manual(
    name = "Jakość",
    values = c("Fair" = "#E41A1C", "Good" = "#FF7F00", "Very Good" = "#FFFF33",
               "Premium" = "#A65628", "Ideal" = "#377EB8"),
    labels = c("Przeciętna", "Dobra", "Bardzo dobra", "Premium", "Idealna")) +
  labs(title = "Cena diamentu w zależności od jego wagi i jakości")

Modyfikacja motywu

p2 = p1 +
  labs(
    title = "Analiza cen diamentów",
    subtitle = "Zależność ceny diamentu od jego wagi oraz jakości",
    caption = "Źródło: Zbiór danych 'diamonds' w ggplot2") +
  xlab("Waga [karat]") +
  ylab("Cena [USD]") +
  scale_color_discrete(
    name = "Jakość",
    labels = c("Przeciętna", "Dobra", "Bardzo dobra", "Premium", "Idealna")
  )
p2

Przykład 1

p2 +
  theme_light(base_size = 12) +
  theme(
    plot.title = element_text(face = "bold", size = rel(1.6), hjust = 0.5),
    plot.subtitle = element_text(size = rel(1.1), hjust = 0.5),
    plot.caption = element_text(face = "italic", color = "gray"),

    axis.title = element_text(face = "bold", size = rel(1.1)),
    axis.text = element_text(color = "black"),
    axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, hjust = 0.5),

    panel.grid.major = element_line(color = "gray", linetype = "dotted"),
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = "white", color = "lightgray"),

    legend.position = "top",
    legend.title = element_text(face = "bold"),
    legend.background = element_rect(fill = "white", color = "grey", linetype = "solid")
  )

Przykład 2

motyw = function() {
  theme_bw() +
    theme(
      panel.border = element_blank(),
      panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
      panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
      axis.text = element_text(color = "black"),
      axis.line = element_line(colour = "black", linewidth = 0.5),
      axis.title = element_text(face = "bold"),
      strip.background = element_rect(fill = NA, colour = NA),
      legend.title = element_text(face = "bold")
    )
}

p1 +
  xlab("Waga [karat]") +
  ylab("Cena [USD]") +
  scale_color_discrete(
    name = "Jakość",
    labels = c("Przeciętna", "Dobra", "Bardzo dobra", "Premium", "Idealna")
  ) +
  motyw()

[Rycina] Analiza cen diamentów. Zależność ceny diamentu od jego wagi oraz jakości.

Adnotacje

sr = round(mean(diamonds$price))

ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = price)) +
  geom_histogram(bins = 30) +
  geom_vline(xintercept = sr, color = "blue", linetype = "dashed", linewidth = 1) +
  annotate("text", x = sr + 2100, y = 8000, label = paste0("Średnia = $", sr), 
           color = "blue") +
  annotate("rect", xmin = 17600, xmax = 19000, ymin = 0, ymax = 500,
           color = "red", fill = "#FF00000D", linewidth = 1) +
  annotate("text", x = 16000, y = 3000, label = "Wartości odstające", color = "red") +
  annotate("segment", x = 16000, xend = 18300, y = 2500, yend = 700, color = "red",
           arrow = arrow(angle = 10, type = "closed")) +
  xlab("Cena [USD]") +
  ylab("Częstość")

Panele

cut_labels = c("Przeciętna", "Dobra", "Bardzo dobra", "Premium", "Idealna")
names(cut_labels) = levels(diamonds$cut)

ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = price)) +
  geom_histogram(bins = 30) +
  facet_grid(cols = vars(cut), labeller = labeller(cut = cut_labels)) +
  labs(x = "Cena [UDS]", y = "Częstość") +
  theme(
    strip.text = element_text(face = "bold"),
    axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 60, vjust = 1, hjust = 1.1)
  )

Animacja

set.seed(123)
smp = sample(nrow(diamonds), 5000)

p3 = ggplot(diamonds[smp, ], aes(x = carat, y = price, color = cut)) +
  geom_point(alpha = 0.6, size = 2, show.legend = FALSE) +
  scale_y_log10() +
  labs(title = "{closest_state}") +
  xlab("Waga [karat]") +
  ylab("Cena [USD]") +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(
    plot.title = element_text(face = "bold", size = rel(1.6), hjust = 0.5)
  )

library("gganimate")

anim = p3 +
  transition_states(states = cut, transition_length = 1, state_length = 2) +
  ease_aes("sine-in-out") +
  enter_fade() +
  exit_fade()
anim

animate(anim, duration = 6, fps = 10, width = 600, height = 400,
        renderer = gifski_renderer("diamonds.gif"))